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Chemical Properties |
It is colorless, transparent liquid with an aromatic odor similar to benzene. It is soluble in alcohol, ether and other organic solvents but insoluble in water. |
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Application |
1. It is used not only for the synthesis of cephalosporin drugs, but also for the production of dyes, synthetic resins, solvents, etc.
2. It is used for making drugs and plasticizers; thiophene is an important organic chemical raw material which has broad range of applications. It is mainly used for dyes, medicines and resins. It can be used for synthesis of new broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic, and is an important pharmaceutical and chemical additive. It can also be applied for the manufacture of color films and trick photography and synthesizing a complicated reagent used for the extraction and separation of uranium and other metals.
3. It is used as the raw material and a plasticizer of medicine, dyes, and plastics.
4. It is mainly used as the intermediates of pharmaceutical industry used for preparing thiophene acetic pyridine, and pyrantel. It can also been used as a raw material for synthesizing resin and dye industry. It is also be used as an organic solvent. As a chemical reagent, it is used as a standard reagent for chromatography analysis.
5. It is used as a solvent, standard reference agent for chromatography analysis, and also for organic synthesis.
6. Thiophene can be used for the manufacture of dyes, pharmaceuticals and resin; used for the synthesis of new broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotics; used for the manufacture of color films and trick photography; used for the synthesis of some complex reagent; it is an important intermediate in the synthesis of Bakelite and resins. Thiophene itself is a good dewaxing solvents and paint cleaners. The derivatives of thiophene have a variety of pharmacological activities. There are a variety of thiophene-azo dyes with excellent performance. The sulfonylurea derivatives of thiophene are new herbicides of ultra-efficient as well as low toxicity. Other derivatives can also be used as insecticides, fungicides, and animal and plant growth-promoting agent. In addition, some derivatives of thiophene are also the component of organic semiconductors. In short, thiophene and its derivatives have a very important position in the pharmaceutical industry, dye industry, pesticide industry, resin industry, and chemical industry. |
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Production methods |
Thiophene is presented in the shale oil and coal tar. First use the waste acid of crude benzene washing as the raw material for hydrolysis at 110-150 °C. The gas coming from hydrolysis is put into the overhead condenser through hydrolysis distillation column. The condensed product has content of 15%-25% thiophene, 50%-60% xylene, and also benzene, toluene, methyl thiophene and some unknown substances. Per ton of waste acid can be extracted out for about 10 kg distillation product. After dehydration with solid sodium hydroxide and further refined purification by distillation, you can get thiophene product of 90%-95%. Chemical synthesis of thiophene can use butane and sulfur as raw materials; butane first undergoes dehydrogenation and then form a ring with sulfur to form thiophene. Laboratory prepare thiophene through the reaction between 1,4-dicarbonyl compound and phosphorus trisulfide. |
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Chemical Properties |
colourless to pale yellow liquid |
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Usage |
Thiophene is used as a building block of various organic molecules and pharmaceuticals providing functional properties. |
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General Description |
A colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. Insoluble in water and slightly denser than water. Flash point 30°F. Vapors heavier than air. Irritates the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Used to make pharmaceuticals and dyes. |
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Air & Water Reactions |
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water. |
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Reactivity Profile |
Thiophene reacts violently with strong oxidizing agents and concentrated nitric acid causing fire and explosion hazards [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 899]. A mixture of Thiophene and N-nitrosoacetanilide exploded at 0°C [Ber., 1887, 30, 367]. |
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Health Hazard |
May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. |
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Fire Hazard |
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. |
China (Mainland)
